What feature offers a private IP address for an Azure SQL Database?

The feature that provides a private IP address for an Azure SQL Database is known as Private Link. This feature allows you to connect to Azure services privately through a private endpoint in your virtual network, which ensures that traffic remains on the Azure backbone network, providing enhanced security and data privacy. By using Private Link, you can access your Azure SQL Database over a private IP within your specified virtual network, making it less vulnerable to public internet threats.

In contrast, other options don't specifically provide a private IP address. A virtual network gateway facilitates cross-premises connectivity and does not directly link to Azure SQL Database's private IP offering. Service endpoints can extend your virtual network's private address space to Azure services but do not provide a direct private IP to the Azure SQL Database instance. Public endpoints expose the database service to the public internet, which does not align with the goal of providing a private IP address.