What type of data encryption occurs during data transmission to Azure SQL Database?

The correct answer pertains to the encryption that is specifically designed to protect data during transmission over the network to Azure SQL Database. This is known as transport-level encryption, which employs SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) or TLS (Transport Layer Security) protocols.

This layer of encryption secures the data packets as they are sent between the client application and the Azure SQL Database, ensuring that sensitive information remains confidential and is not exposed to interception or eavesdropping during transit. SSL/TLS protocols establish a secure channel and are vital for preventing vulnerabilities that could be exploited during data transmission.

The other types of encryption mentioned do not apply to the context of data in transit. Database-level encryption protects data stored in the database itself, application-level encryption secures specific fields within the application before data is sent to the database, and server-level encryption would refer to protecting data at rest on the server. These methods are crucial for overall data security but do not relate to the encryption that occurs during the actual transmission of data to Azure SQL Database.