Which component of Resource Governor allows you to configure limits on system resources?

The correct choice focuses on Resource Pools, which are essential in configuring limits on system resources within SQL Server's Resource Governor. Resource Pools serve as a way to categorize and manage how resources, such as CPU and memory, are distributed among different workloads in SQL Server. By defining these pools, you establish a framework that controls the allocation of system resources, ensuring that different database tasks do not adversely affect each other by monopolizing significant amounts of CPU or memory.

Specifically, Resource Pools allow you to set maximum and minimum resource allocations, thus allowing for performance tuning and effective resource management. This capability is crucial in environments with multiple workloads that may compete for system resources, ensuring that each workload receives an appropriate level of system performance, based on the defined limits.

The other components, like Resource Plans, determine the overall management strategy for workloads, while Workload Groups categorize the incoming requests based on their resource requirements. Resource Controllers do not exist as a distinct component in the context of Resource Governor. Rather, it is the Resource Pools that actively enforce the configurations that limit resource usage for specific workloads.