Which feature allows Azure SQL Database to automatically adjust for workload changes?

The elasticity feature of Azure SQL Database allows it to automatically scale resources according to changing workload demands. When using Elastic Pools, multiple SQL databases share resources from a pool. This means that if one database experiences increased load, it can utilize additional resources from the pool without manual intervention. Conversely, when workloads decrease, the databases will scale down accordingly, making optimal use of the resources and potentially lowering costs.

Using Elastic Pools provides flexibility for managing variable workloads, particularly when there are multiple databases that can fluctuate in their usage patterns. This automatic adjustment helps ensure that performance remains consistent and reliable, catering to the needs of each database without the need for constant monitoring and manual adjustments.

The other features listed, such as Virtual Network Service Endpoints, Advanced Threat Protection, and SQL Database Auditing, focus on security and connectivity rather than on resource allocation or workload management. They do not inherently provide capabilities for automatic scaling based on workload changes, making Elastic Pools the right choice in this context.